Chronic Fatigue in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Affiliation during Conduct of the Study

Title Chronic fatigue in type 1 diabetes: highly prevalent but not explained by hyperglycaemia or glucose variability. Objective: Fatigue is a classical symptom of hyperglycemia, but the relationship between chronic fatigue and diabetes has not been systematically studied. We investigated prevalence, impact and potential determinants of chronic fatigue in patients with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM1). Research Design and Methods: Out of 324 random selected DM1 outpatients, 214 participated in this cross-sectional observational study. Participants were compared with age-and sex-matched population based controls. Chronic fatigue, functional impairments, current health status, comorbidity, diabetes-related factors and fatigue-related cognitions and behaviors were assessed with questionnaires, HbA 1c values and comorbidity with medical records. Sixty-six patients underwent continuous glucose monitoring combined with an electronic fatigue diary for five days. Acute fatigue and four glucose parameters were determined; mean, variability and relative time spent in hypo-and hyperglycemia.